Starting a Farm in Illinois

Illinois stands out as a farming powerhouse, thanks to its fertile prairie soils and strategic central location. Corn and soybeans blanket much of the landscape, placing the state consistently among the nation’s top producers. With USDA zones spanning from 5a in the north to 7a in the south, Illinois fosters a wide range of agricultural practices—from expansive row crops to specialty products like pumpkins, horseradish, and wine grapes, particularly in the southern region.

For home gardeners, the growing season typically stretches from mid-April through mid-October. Spring and fall are ideal for cool-weather crops like lettuce and peas, while summer invites heat-loving favorites such as tomatoes, melons, and peppers. The University of Illinois Extension provides invaluable guidance for every stage of the gardening journey, helping growers of all levels thrive in the Prairie State.